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Adoption in Australia deals with the adoption process in the various parts of Australia, whereby a person assumes or acquires the permanent, legal status of parenthood in relation to a child under the age of 18 in place of the child's birth or biological parents. Australia classifies adoptions as known child adoptions (adoption by relatives, stepparents or carers), local adoptions (placement within the country), and intercountry adoptions (adoption of children born overseas). Adoptions in Australia are handled by state and territorial government agencies or an approved adoption agency. It is unlawful to arrange a private adoption,〔 though foreign adoptions are recognised. Government agencies include Adoption Services in Queensland,〔(Adoption Services Queensland - Adoption. )〕 (Families SA ) in South Australia and the Department of Human Services in Victoria.〔(Department of Human Services, Victoria. )〕 When an adoption is completed, the birth parents (also referred to as natural parents) no longer have any legal rights over the child. The adopted child becomes a full member of the adopting family, taking their surname and assuming the same rights and privileges as a birth child, including the right of inheritance. A new birth certificate is issued, in the case of local adoptions. The adopted child also has the same position as a birth child in relation to the extended family of the adopting parents, for example with laws prohibiting incestuous sexual relationships or prohibiting marriages.〔(Marriage Act 1961 - Section 23B )〕 == Legal framework== Adoptions in Australia are regulated by legislation and regulations of each State and Territory, which govern all adoptions arranged in that State and Territory. As of 2011, Tasmania and South Australia were undertaking parliamentary reviews of their adoption laws. The current State and Territory Adoption Acts are: * Australian Capital Territory: (Adoption Act 1993 ) * New South Wales: (Adoption Act 2000 ) * Northern Territory: (Adoption of Children Act 1994 ) * Queensland: (Adoption Act 2009 ) and (Adoption Regulation 2009 ) * South Australia: (Adoption Act 1988 ) and (Adoption Regulations 2004 ) * Tasmania: (Adoption Act 1988 ) * Victoria: (Adoption Act 1984 ) * Western Australia: (Adoption Act 1994 ) Australia is a party to the Hague Adoption Convention which came into force in Australia on 1 December 1998, and has been implemented by amendments to the ''Family Law Act 1975'' and the passing of the ''Family Law (Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption) Regulations 1998''.〔(Family Law (Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption) Regulations 1998 )〕 The ''Australian Citizenship Act 2007'' simplified the process of obtaining Australian citizenship for children who were adopted overseas in accordance with the Hague Adoption Convention.〔(Australian Citizenship Act 2007 )〕 Intercountry adoptions conform with the principles of the Convention. State and territory governments are in charge of processing inter-country adoptions, but eligibility requirements widely differ in relation to partner relationship status, age, citizenship and health, and there are also federal responsibilities.〔(The Australian, 19 December, 2013 - Tony Abbott Announces Adoption Taskforce )〕 Each foreign country would also have its own eligibility criteria for the adoption of its children. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Adoption in Australia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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